It’s about time that the government wakes up to the schemes some of these banks are pulling on borrowers and taxpayers.   Neil Garfield put it best…”Well you have to give credit to Sheila Baer.  She gets it. Here she is going after the IndyMac executives for making loans to developers that they knew would not be repaid. It is the first time that an important agency has recognized the link between the malfeasance of the originating lenders, the securitization intermediaries and the developers.

It is central to the issue of appraisal fraud. Anyone who moved into a new development knows that the developer was raising prices like crazy to create a a sense of urgency on the part of borrowers. Those prices from the developers were used an excuse to inflate the appraisals ona continual basis, so that a house of exactly the same model and features would be appraised one month for $350,000 and then a month later for $375,000 or more.

The developers knew they could do this because they knew the “lender” would approve it. It was a classic dysfunctional dance in which everyone was lying to everyone else. And everyone, except the borrower and the investor-lender knew it. Thus suits against the developer, especially those with mortgage offices on premises, can be expected to rise by both private actions and public actions from regulatory agencies and law enforcement. It was fraud.

FDIC and Sheila Blair sue IndyMac

LA Times

The agency accuses the managers of the defunct bank’s Homebuilder Division of acting negligently by granting loans to developers who were unlikely to repay the debts.
By E. Scott Reckard, Los Angeles Times

July 14, 2010

Launching a new offensive against leaders of failed financial institutions, federal regulators are accusing four former executives of Pasadena’s defunct IndyMac Bank of granting loans to developers and home builders who were unlikely to repay the debts.

The lawsuit by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. alleges that the IndyMac executives acted negligently and seeks $300 million in damages.  It is the first suit of its kind brought by the FDIC in connection with the spate of more than 250 bank failures that began in 2008.   Regulators said it wouldn’t be the last.

“Clearly we’ll have more of these cases,” said Rick Osterman, the deputy general counsel who oversees litigation at the agency.

The FDIC has sent letters warning hundreds of top managers and directors at failed banks — and the insurers who provided them with liability coverage — of possible civil lawsuits, Osterman said. The letters go out early in investigations of failed banks, he added, to ensure that the insurers will later provide coverage even if the
policy expires.

The four defendants in the FDIC lending negligence case, who operated the Homebuilder Division at IndyMac, collectively approved 64 loans that are described in the 309-page lawsuit.

They are:

•Scott Van Dellen, the division’s president and chief executive during six years ending in its seizure;

•Richard Koon, its chief lending officer for five years ending in July 2006;

•Kenneth Shellem, its chief credit officer for five years ending in November 2006;

•William Rothman, its chief lending officer during the two years before the seizure.

Through their attorneys, they vigorously denied the allegations.

“The FDIC has unfairly selected four hard-working executives of a small division of the bank … to blame for the failure of IndyMac,” said defense attorney Kirby Behre, who represents Shellem and Koon. “We intend to show that these loans were done at all times with a great deal of care and prudence.”

Defense attorney Michael Fitzgerald, who represents Van Dellen and Rothman, said no one at the company or its regulators foresaw the severity of the housing crash before it struck, and that IndyMac was one of the first construction lenders to pull back when trouble struck the industry in 2007.

Fitzgerald added that the FDIC thought Van Dellen trustworthy enough that it kept him on to run the division after the bank was seized.  The suit naming the IndyMac executives was filed this month in federal court in Los Angeles, two years after the July 2008 failure of the Pasadena savings and loan. The bank is now operated under new ownership as OneWest Bank.

IndyMac, principally a maker of adjustable-rate mortgages, was among a series of high-profile bank failures early in the financial crisis that were blamed on defaults on high-risk home loans and the securities linked to them.  But the majority of failures since then have been at banks hammered by losses on commercial real estate, particularly loans to residential developers and builders — and IndyMac had a sideline in that business
as well through its Homebuilder Division.

The suit alleges that IndyMac’s compensation policies prompted the home-building division to increase lending to developers and builders with little regard for the quality of the loans.   “HBD’s management pushed to grow loan production despite their awareness that a significant downturn in the market was imminent and despite warnings from IndyMac’s upper management about the likelihood of a market decline,” the FDIC said in its complaint. An investigation of IndyMac’s residential mortgage lending practices could lead to another civil suit, potentially naming higher-up executives, attorneys involved in the case said.

Separately, a criminal grand jury investigation into the actions of IndyMac executives continues, according to a knowledgeable federal official who was not authorized to publicly discuss the investigation. The bank, known mostly for providing home loans without requiring proof of income from borrowers, had operated its builder-loan division since 1994.   The lawsuit said IndyMac had about $900 million in land acquisition, development and construction loans on its books when the bank  collapsed. Losses on the portfolio are expected to total $500 million — minus whatever the FDIC can recover through litigation.

The FDIC’s Osterman said the government recovered about $5.1 billion from former bank and thrift executives and their outside professional advisors after the last major financial crisis devastated the savings and loan industry in the 1980s. Most of the money came from insurers that had written policies covering bank directors and officers against negligence or other misdeeds. Because the warnings of possible lawsuits are mailed out during the early stages of investigations, it’s frequently decided later that the cases aren’t strong enough to bring or aren’t likely to be cost-effective and so are dropped, Osterman said. FDIC spokesman David Barr said the agency generally had three years from the date of a failure to file civil cases.

This is another example of the need to determine exactly where you mortgage loan resides.  If you used to be with a mortgage company that no longer exists or filed bankruptcy than it is very likley your tax dollars have bailed out your mortgage.

While this is more funny than helpful, this Bloomberg article points out a need that is real.  Proper plans need to be in place to resolve the “To Big To Fail” problem other than us the taxpayer pciking up the tab.

Nothing like paying twice huh?

- The Bank Slayer

FDIC Approves Proposal for Large Banks to Write ‘Funeral Plans’

May 11 (Bloomberg) — The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. board approved a proposed rule that would require about 40 U.S. financial institutions to submit annual contingent resolution plans — “funeral plans” — that would demonstrate how to wind down the company in the event of its failure.

FDIC board members voted unanimously to release the proposal for public comment during a meeting in Washington today. The proposed rule would apply to depository institutions with more than $10 billion in assets that are part of a bank holding company with assets of more than $100 billion.

Senators Mark Warner, a Virginia Democrat, and Bob Corker, a Tennessee Republican, have pushed for a similar proposal for all large financial institutions in the financial-overhaul bill now on the Senate floor.

To contact the reporter on this story: Phil Mattingly in Washington at pmattingly@bloomberg.net

IndyMac is a shady operation.  One of our staff used to be on the inside working against homeowners but (in my words…turned his life around) and now battles for home owners.

He tells tales of “being trained” on programs like HAMP and seeing blacked out sections.   When he asked why IndyMac (now OneWest) redacted the HAMP training guidebook, his supervisor told him, “We don’t agree with those parts so you won’t be trained on them since we aren’t going to implement  it.”   Nice huh?

As a REALTOR you wonder, “Why don’t these banks follow the rules set out to help homeowners, like HAMP and HAFA?”  Because:

#1 they are guidelines, not laws.

#2 they don’t care and do what they want.

If you have an account or mortgage with what was IndyMac, below is info relating to what happened and supposedly who you can contact.   Thanks to Neil Garfield.   The mortgage companies have MERS.  He’s building HERS.      Stay tuned.

- The Bank Slayer

Information for IndyMac Bank, F.S.B., and IndyMac Federal Bank, F.S.B., Pasadena,

Introduction

1. Press Release
2. Acquiring Financial Institution
3. Question and Answer Sheet
   • En Español
   • Chinese Language Version (350 kb PDF File PDF Help)
4. Banking Services
5. Loan Customers
6. Unclaimed Deposits
7. Possible Claims Against The Failed Institution
   • FAQ re IndyMac “No Value” Determination
8. Priority of Claims
9. Dividend Information
10. Brokered Deposits (Institutional Brokers)
11. Agreements
    • Purchase and Assumption Agreement (1.1 mb PDF File – PDF Help)
    • Master Purchase Agreement by and among FDIC as Conservator for IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB and IMB HoldCo LLC, and OneWest Bank Group LLC (5.3 mb PDF File – PDF Help)
    • Loan Sale Agreement Between the FDIC as Receiver for IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB and OneWest Bank, FSB (3.5 mb PDF File –PDF Help)
    • Shared Loss Agreement Between the FDIC as Receiver for IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB and OneWest Bank, FSB (1.7 mb PDF File – PDF Help)
12. IndyMac Bank, F.S.B., Contact Information
    JavaScript is disabled or blocked. Alternatively, you may navigate towww2.fdic.gov/drrip/cs/index.asp and search for the contacts.
13. Balance Sheet Summary

I.  IntroductionOn March 19, 2009, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) completed the sale of IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB, Pasadena, California, to OneWest Bank, F.S.B., Pasadena, California.  OneWest Bank, FSB is a newly formed  federal savings bank organized by IMB HoldCo LLC.  All deposits of IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB have been transferred to OneWest Bank, FSB.OnJuly 11, 2008, IndyMac Bank, F.S.B., Pasadena, CA was closed by the Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS) and the FDIC was named Conservator.  All non-brokered insured deposit accounts and substantially all of the assets of IndyMac Bank, F.S.B. have been transferred to IndyMac Federal Bank, F.S.B. (IndyMac Federal Bank), Pasadena, CA “assuming institution”) a newly chartered full-service FDIC-insured institution.  No advance notice is given to the public when a financial institution is closed.

The FDIC has assembled useful information regarding your relationship with this institution.  Besides a checking account, you may have Certificates of Deposit, a car loan, a business checking account, a commercial loan, a Social Security direct deposit, and other relationships with the institution.  The FDIC has compiled the following information which should answer many of your questions.Back to top

II.  Press Release The FDIC has issued the following press releases (PR-56-2008, PR-42-2009) about the institution’s closure.  If you represent a media outlet and would like information about the closure, in California, please contactDavid Barr with the Office of Public Affairs at 202-898-6992, in Washington D.C. please contact Andrew Gray at 202-898-7192. Back to top

III.  Acquiring Financial InstitutionOn March 19, 2009, all deposits of IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB were transferred to OneWest Bank, FSB, (OneWest Bank) Pasadena, California.On July 11, 2008, all non-brokered insured deposit accounts were transferred to IndyMac Federal Bank, F.S.B. (IndyMac Federal Bank), Pasadena, CA (“assuming institution”) a newly chartered full-service FDIC-insured institution.  The OTS appointed the FDIC conservator of IndyMac Federal Bank.  All insured deposit accounts will be available as usual during regular business hours starting July 14, 2008.

Principal and interest on insured accounts, through July 11, 2008, are fully insured by the FDIC, up to the insurance limit of $100,000.  You will receive full payment for your insured account.  Certain entitlements and different types of accounts can be insured for more than the $100,000 limit.  IRA funds are insured separately from other types of accounts, up to a $250,000 limit.

All accounts that exceed the $100,000 insurance limit, and/or all accounts that appear to be related and exceed this limit, are reviewed by the FDIC to determine their ownership and insurance coverage.  If you think you might have uninsured deposits you should call the FDIC Call Center to arrange for a telephone interview with  a Claims Agent at 866-806-5919. The Claim Agent may direct you to download and submit a particular form that will assist in expediting the processing of your claim.

List of Affidavits, Declarations, and Forms available for download

Please return the forms to the FDIC by FAX (facsimile) or mail at the number or address listed for the failed institution.

If it is determined that you have uninsured funds, the FDIC will generate and mail to you a Receiver Certificate.  This certificate entitles you to share proportionately in any funds recovered through the disposal of the assets of IndyMac Bank, F.S.B.  This means that you will eventually recover some of your uninsured funds.  The FDIC declared a 50% advance dividend for uninsured deposits.To find out more about FDIC Deposit Insurance:

• Visit EDIE the FDIC’s Electronic Deposit Insurance Estimator
• View the FDIC Deposit Insurance Coverage Video

Checks that were drawn on IndyMac Bank, F.S.B. will be honored up to your available balance or the insured amount.  You may withdraw funds from any transferred account without an early withdrawal penalty until you enter into a new deposit agreement with IndyMac Federal Bank.  A hold may be in place on deposits accounts due to delinquent loans where the depositor is the borrower or guarantor.  Additionally, any account pledged as collateral for a loan will be held.Back to top

V.  Banking ServicesOn March 19, 2009 there was no break in services.As ofJuly 14, 2008 you may continue to use the services to which you previously had access, such as, online service, safe deposit boxes, night deposit boxes, wire services, etc.

Your checks will be processed as usual.  All outstanding checks will be paid against your available insured balance(s) as if no change had occurred.  IndyMac Federal Bank will contact you soon regarding any changes in the terms of your account.  If you have a problem with a merchant refusing to accept your check, please contact IndyMac Federal Bank, Customer Service Department, at 800-998-2900.  An account representative will clear up any confusion about the validity of your checks.

All interest accrued through Friday, will be paid at your same rate.  IndyMac Federal Bank will be reviewing rates and will provide further information soon.  You will be notified of any changes.

Your automatic direct deposit(s) and/or automatic withdrawal(s) will be transferred automatically to IndyMac Federal Bank.  If you have any questions or special requests, you may contact a representative of your assuming institution at 800-998-2900. Back to top

VI.  Loan Customers If you had a loan with IndyMac Bank, F.S.B., you should continue to make your payments as usual.  The terms of your loan will not change under the terms of the loan contract because they are contractually agreed to your promissory note with the failed institution.  Checks should be made payable as usual and sent to the same address until further notice.For all questions regarding new loans and the lending policies of IndyMac Federal Bank, please contact 800-998-2900 or visit the IndyMac Federal Bank website atwww.IndyMac.com. Back to top

VII.  Unclaimed Deposits Please note that any deposits that have not been claimed within 18 months of the failure of Indymac Bank was sent to the FDIC by One West Bank. If the FDIC is unable to locate the deposit customer, the unclaimed funds will eventually be escheated to the state or according to Federal Law (12 U.S.C., 1822(e)).

Back to top

VIII.  Possible Claims Against the Failed InstitutionDetermination of Insufficient Assets To Satisfy Claims Against Financial Institution in Receivership

SUMMARY: The FDIC, by its Board of Directors, has determined that insufficient assets exist in the receivership of IndyMac Bank, F.S.B., Pasadena, California and the receivership of IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB, Pasadena, California to make any distribution to general unsecured claims, and therefore such claims will recover nothing and have no value.

DATES: The Board made its determination on November 12, 2009.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions regarding this notice, contact Thomas P. Bolt, Counsel, Legal Division, (703) 562–2046 ortbolt@fdic.gov; Shane Kiernan, Senior Attorney, Legal Division, (703) 562–2632 or skiernan@fdic.gov,

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On July 11, 2008, IndyMac Bank, F.S.B., Pasadena, California (‘‘IndyMac Bank’’) (FIN # 10007) was closed by the Office of Thrift Supervision and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (‘‘FDIC’’) was appointed as its receiver. In complying with its statutory duty to resolve the institution in the method that is least costly to the deposit insurance fund (see 12 U.S.C. 1823(c)(4)), the FDIC effected a pass-through receivership. Accordingly, the FDIC organized IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB, Pasadena, California (‘‘IndyMac Federal’’), a new federal savings bank for which the FDIC was appointed as conservator. IndyMac Bank’s assets were transferred to IndyMac Federal under an agreement whereby the amount (if any) realized from the final resolution of IndyMac Federal after payment in full of IndyMac Federal’s obligations was to be paid to the IndyMac Bank receivership. On March 19, 2009, IndyMac Federal was placed in receivership and substantially all of its assets were sold. The amount realized from the resolution of IndyMac Federal is insufficient to pay all of its liabilities, and therefore there will be no amount to pay to the IndyMac Bank receivership.Section 11(d)(11)(A) of the FDI Act, 12 U.S.C. 1821(d)(11)(A), sets forth the order of priority for distribution of amounts realized from the liquidation or other resolution of an insured depository institution to pay claims. Under the statutory order of priority, administrative expenses and deposit liabilities must be paid in full before any distribution may be made to general unsecured creditors or any lower priority claims. The FDIC has determined that the assets of IndyMac Bank are insufficient to make any distribution on general unsecured claims and therefore, such claims, asserted or unasserted, will recover nothing and have no value. The FDIC has also determined that the assets of IndyMac Federal are insufficient to make any distribution on general unsecured claims and therefore, such claims, asserted or unasserted, will recover nothing and have no value. //

Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 221 / Wednesday, November 18, 2009 / Notices59541

FAQ re IndyMac “No Value” Determination Back to top

IX.  Priority of ClaimsIn accordance with Federal law, allowed claims will be paid, after administrative expenses, in the following order of priority:

Depositors

General Unsecured Creditors

Subordinated Debt

Stockholders

Back to top

X.  Dividend Information When IndyMac was placed into Conservatorship in July of 2008, the FDIC calculated that the ultimate resolution of IndyMac would result in a recovery of approximately 50% of the uninsured deposits of IndyMac. Based upon that estimate, an advance dividend in that amount was paid to the uninsured depositors at that time. The announced sale of IndyMac to IMB Management Holdings is consistent with the original estimate and no additional dividend will be paid as a consequence of this sale.While no dividends for the uninsured depositors are anticipated at this time, the FDIC will continue to periodically re-assess the financial condition of the receivership to determine if there is additional cash for dividend distributions.

Dividend History on IndyMac Bank, F.S.B.
JavaScript is disabled or blocked. Alternatively, you may navigate to
www2.fdic.gov/DIVWEB/Dividendindex.asp and search for the dividends. Dividend Information on Failed Financial Institutions Back to top

XI.  Brokered Deposits The FDIC offers a reference guide to deposit brokers acting as agents for their investor clientele.  This site outlines the FDIC’s policies and procedures that must be followed by deposit brokers when filing for pass-through insurance coverage on custodial accounts deposited in a failed FDIC Insured Institution.Deposit Broker Processing Guide

Finally, the Foreclosure Prevention Tool Kit we’ve all been waiting on!!!    I’m not sure why every Federal agency feels the need to create a foreclosure prevention tool kit.  See the ”Tool Kit” here.

How about this surefire way.  Pay off the mortgage.  Ok, so maybe that is a little extreme.

How about this one.  Make all your payments on time.   Too strong?

The reality is that many families are facing difficult times and even making the scheduled payment is not possible.    We all know someone who is dealing with life smacking them in the mouth: loss of job, death of a loved one, divorce, medical issues.

You don’t and shouldn’t have to face this alone.   Let me tell you straight up.  A tool kit is not going to listen to your story or solve your problem.

Facing these types of situation does require an analytical and disppassionate approach but then it needs to be resolved with human care.

Let our office counsel you on the various options available for either keeping or getting rid of your house.  We’ll walk alongside you, support you and help you get back on your feet.

- The Bank Slayer

As Neil Garfield points out in the following information:

“This is red meat for investors and borrowers seeking restitution for losses caused by improper appraisals, ratings and representations concerning loan and property values, loan viability, securities fraud, deceptive lending practices, TILA violations etc.”

Ok, so if the mortgage is written down, how does that inpact what you owe?

If you needs foreclosure defense support or are facing a short sale situation you need to have all the facts so you can make informed decisions.  Contact our office today.

– The Bank Slayer

Obama Bank Policy Signals $1 Trillion in Writedowns

(Bloomberg) — U.S. regulators may force Bank of America Corp., Citigroup Inc. and at least a dozen of the nation’s biggest financial institutions to write down as much as $1 trillion in loans, twice what they’ve already recorded, based on Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. auction data compiled by Bloomberg.

Banks failing Federal Reserve evaluations of loans this month may be ordered to make sales worth as little as 32 cents on the dollar, according to FDIC data. That would be less than half of the 84 cents on the dollar the Treasury Department suggested was a possible purchase price. Some of the bank- insurance agency’s auctions brought 0.02 cent on the dollar.

Lower valuations would lead to new writedowns and capital injections from the $134.5 billion remaining in the Troubled Asset Relief Program, Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz said.

“The only way banks will sell is under duress,” the 66- year-old professor at Columbia University in New York said in a phone interview.

Asset sales are the latest step in President Barack Obama’s effort to restart the U.S. economy through the most costly rescue of the financial system in history. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner’s Legacy Loan Program and Legacy Securities Program together are targeted to start at $500 billion and may expand to $1 trillion.

Auctioning Assets

Geithner’s plan will purchase loans and be overseen by the FDIC, which will offer debt guarantees while the Treasury invests capital alongside investors.

The FDIC would auction assets after the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, Office of Thrift Supervision or the Fed signals that a bank is in danger of failing.

“If we thought that was the right decision to address their situation, we would certainly tell an institution to move in that direction,” said William Ruberry, an OTS spokesman in Washington.

Geithner’s plan to buy loans and securities “can be very useful,” Comptroller of the Currency John Dugan said in a Bloomberg Television interview today. “It’s one more arrow in the quiver to address problems with assets on banks’ balance sheets.”

Treasury spokesman Isaac Baker said in an e-mail that the program is voluntary and the government expects banks will want to sell assets to clean their balance sheets and make it easier to raise capital from investors, he said.

Financing Help

“Past auctions cannot reliably predict asset prices in the Public Private Investment Program, as we are creating a new market that has not previously existed to help value these assets, and offering financing to help investors purchase them,” Baker said.

Setting up a facility to purchase distressed loans will allow the FDIC to put a bank into “a silent resolution,” said Joshua Rosner, a managing director at investment-research firm Graham Fisher & Co. in New York.

“This is a way to functionally wind down a bank as big as Citi without the world realizing that they’re essentially in resolution,” he said. “The real value of this is a tool to resolve a too-big-to-fail institution.”

The FDIC is considering allowing banks to share in future profits on loans sold to public-private partnerships to encourage healthier lenders to participate, according to Jim Wigand, the agency’s deputy director for resolutions and receiverships. The regulator is seeking comments through April 10 on the program, said spokesman David Barr.

Assets sold under the Legacy Loans Program may be worth an average of 56.3 cents on the dollar, based on the results of FDIC auctions at failed banks over the past 15 months.

‘Large Amounts’

Writedowns would total $1 trillion if the program buys $500 billion in loans at 32 cents on the dollar, the average for non- performing commercial loans in the FDIC sales.

Geithner said March 29 that some financial institutions will need “large amounts of assistance.” He’s trying to avoid bank nationalizations by wooing investors to purchase loans with taxpayer-guaranteed financing to protect them against loss. The U.S. move to clear away distressed assets contrasts with Japanese financial authorities’ reluctance to do so in a 1990s financial crisis, which led to a decade of economic stagnation.

“This is going to be our Yucca Mountain right here,” said Joseph Mason, an associate professor at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge and former FDIC visiting scholar, referring to the proposed radioactive-waste storage site in Nevada.

Half-Life

“You can put it in a train car and ship it across the country. The half-life of this stuff is real long, but it has to burn off,” he said.

The FDIC’s average auction value of 56.3 cents on the dollar for residential and commercial loans is based on 312 sales worth $1.1 billion since Jan. 1, 2008, according to the FDIC. The average for 348 commercial loans for which borrowers stopped paying was 32 cents on the dollar. Auction prices ranged from 0.02 cent to 101.2 cents on the dollar, according to the FDIC.

In announcing its loan-sale program last week, the Treasury provided an example of a purchase price of 84 cents on the dollar, with taxpayers putting up 6 cents, investors 6 cents and the FDIC guaranteeing 72 cents in financing.

“Eighty-four cents is just laughable” because the market value for loans is much lower, said Barry Ritholtz, chief executive officer of New York-based FusionIQ, an independent research firm.

The U.S. is structuring the loan purchases to leave the government with most of the risk, while investors stand to gain most of any profit, economist Stiglitz said.

‘Almost No Upside’

“There’s almost no upside for the taxpayer,” he said. “The government is giving a 110 percent bailout.”

How much investors offer for assets is “going to be the key” determinant of Bank of America’s participation in the government’s two asset-purchase programs, CEO Kenneth Lewis said in a Bloomberg Television interview March 27.

“If there’s an issue with the program, it’s going to be trying to get banks to sell assets,” FDIC Chairman Sheila Bair said in a speech the same day at the Isenberg School of Management of the University of Massachusetts in Amherst.

“If I have concern, it’s the pricing may not be where seller and buyer are willing to meet,” she said.

Any standoff between investors and banks over loan prices may scuttle Geithner’s plan to segregate non-performing assets and restart lending, said Bob Eisenbeis, chief monetary economist with Vineland, New Jersey-based Cumberland Advisors and a former Atlanta Federal Reserve Bank research director.

‘Really Bad Stuff’

“It’s hard to believe that the really bad stuff that’s causing all the problems are going to be offered for sale,” Eisenbeis said. “The institutions won’t want to sell them if they get a true price, because their capital would take too much of a hit.”

With preparations for auctions under way, U.S. banks are being put through so-called stress tests, which Geithner said last month are a comprehensive set of standards for the financial system’s most important lenders. The examinations of loans and their collateral and payment histories are scheduled to be completed by April 30.

Banks have almost $4.7 trillion of mortgages and $3 trillion of other loans that aren’t packaged into bonds, according to the Fed. The vast majority are carried at full value because they don’t need to be written down until they default, according to Daniel Alpert, managing director of New York-based investment bank Westwood Capital LLC.

“Just because it’s being held at full value doesn’t mean it’s not bad,” Alpert said.

Obama Effort

While regulators don’t intend to publish the details of their stress tests, the results will effectively become known once banks announce how much capital they need to raise. Regulators will then give lenders six months to obtain funds from investors or taxpayers as a last resort.

The tests are designed to mesh with Obama’s effort to remove banks’ distressed mortgage assets that have hampered lending to consumers and businesses. Officials aim to have the first loan purchases by private investors financed by the government within weeks of the conclusion of the stress tests, according to the Treasury.

Including TARP, the U.S. government and the Fed have spent, lent or guaranteed $12.8 trillion to combat the financial collapse and a recession that began in December 2007. The amount approaches the $14.2 trillion U.S. gross domestic product last year.

‘Constructive Plan’

Obama met with the CEOs of the nation’s 12 biggest banks on March 27 at the White House to enlist their support to thaw a 20-month freeze in bank lending.

Lenders undergoing stress tests include New York-based Citigroup, which has received three rounds of capital infusions valued at $60 billion, including $45 billion from TARP, according to Bloomberg data.

“The administration has put forth a constructive plan to address the critical issues facing the financial services industry, and we are committed to working together with the industry to help achieve the goals of the plan,” CEO Vikram Pandit said in a statement before meeting with Obama.

Citigroup spokesman Stephen Cohen declined to comment.

The U.S. tests also involve Charlotte, North Carolina-based Bank of America, which also received $45 billion from TARP. It bought Merrill Lynch & Co. — the largest underwriter of failed collateralized debt obligations, according to Standard & Poor’s — and home-lender Countrywide Financial Corp.

Bank of America spokesman Scott Silvestri declined to comment.

Option ARMs

San Francisco-based Wells Fargo purchased Wachovia Corp., the nation’s biggest provider of option adjustable-rate mortgages, for $15 billion. In doing so, it took responsibility for about $122 billion of option ARMs sold by the Charlotte bank.

Option ARM loans allow borrowers to defer part of their interest payments and add it to their principal. When housing collapsed, many holders of the mortgages were left owing more than the value of their homes.

Wachovia issued more than half its option ARMs in California, according to bank filings. Wells Fargo was already the biggest lender in the state.

“Wells Fargo supports any plan by the Treasury that helps financial institutions efficiently sell troubled assets while still providing an investment return to the U.S. taxpayer,” spokeswoman Janis Smith said in an e-mail.

Web Distribution

The ability to distribute loan information over the Internet will also support prices by expanding the number of buyers and allowing for sales as small as $100,000, said Stephen Emery, a managing director at New York-based Mission Capital Advisors, which brokered $3 billion of real-estate loan sales last year.

Terms offered under the Legacy Loans Program, including government-backed financing, will also help boost demand and selling prices by as much as 20 percent, he said.

“The leverage will allow buyers to bump their price a little bit,” Emery said. “But that still doesn’t mean that something that was worth 30 is now worth 60. What’s going to happen is now it’s worth 35 or 36 cents.”

To contact the reporter on this story: Mark Pittman in New York at